The United States Experienced Dramatic Change in The Nineteenth Century Paper I chose the first topic as my research topic. At the same time, I also have some information. I hope you can use it. At the same time, it doesn’t take long, and hopefully no cheating will happen. There are some resources and summaries in these materials, and there are things that I tried to write for the first time. I hope these things will help you. Gengren Li
Hist 201
12/10/2019
Chapter 10 summary
The United States experienced dramatic change in the nineteenth century.
Changes in economic, demographic, political and territorial transformation largely
changed how American people thought about their communities, as well as
themselves while the nation expanded swiftly. People were full of hope as they
aspired for self-governance as they infused everything from religion to the political
unfolding. Despite that people were happy with the progress made in all aspects of
human prosperity, unfortunately, the period was also marked by great discord because
the benefits of democratization and industrialization alienated some groupings of
people on racial, class, and gender lines. For instance, as a result of Westward
expansion, urban dwellers were distanced from the frontier settlers. Advancement in
technological innovations and industrialization favored and orchestrated this
separation. The use of telegraph and railroads provided interesting ways for
communication. Equally, the spread of democracy led to opening up of various
franchise to almost all white men. Nonetheless, urbanization created an influx of
European migrants, which led to an increase in class divisions and social tension.
Annotated Bibliographies
Acharya, A., Blackwell, M., & Sen, M. (2014). The Political Legacy of American
Slavery. SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.2538616
Acharya, Blackwell and Sen have demonstrated in their journal article about
the modern political underpinnings and attitude in various parts of American South in
the 19th century. The journal also traces the counties in the US that exhibited highest
shares of slavery in the 1890s. The Republicans were the proponents who opposed
affirmative action that sought to end slavery. On the other hand, various forms of
slavery witnessed in the American South have a detectable impact on the modern-day
political attitudes despite its abolishment about 150 years ago.
Buxtonmuseum. (2012, August 23). YouTube [Video file]. Retrieved from
The video by Buxtonmuseum shows how Africans enslaved in America
continually resisted slavery, which led to abolitionist movement. Further, the video
details when the first slave rebellion was recorded. According to Buxtonmuseum,
slavery rebellion caused fear. On the other hand, the video illustrates the initial
proponents who championed against slave trade, such as Denmark Vesey, Gabriel
Prosser, Nat Turner, among others, who documented insurrection in the Southern
American region.
Kaye, A. E. (2009). The Second Slavery: Modernity in the Nineteenth-Century
South and the Atlantic World. The Journal of Southern History, 75(3),
627-650.
Kaye posits that in the 19th century, the extensive expansion of slavery
changed not only the American South, but also other political economies in the US.
The author also distinguishes between first and second slavery in efforts to show how
various forms of slavery were established. The creation of huge sugar plantation
largely contributed to slave trade in the 18th and 19th centuries. The production of
staples for export to the European market rendered the American farmers in the
South to yearn for more slaves to work on their plantations. The author is a leading
professor in the University of Pennsylvania and therefore a credible authority in
matters regarding slave trade.
Smith, R. H. (2016, June 17). YouTube [Video file]. Retrieved from
Smith depicts in the video how enslaved people were involved in a variety of
slavery resistance tactics. Some used to pilfer food from their masters’ garden to
supplement their poor diets. Others employed the tactics of feigning sickness so that
they could get a chance to recuperate from harsh and lengthy working hours. On the
other hand, the video shows that enslaved Africans would meet at night to pray and to
encourage one another to persevere and overcome slavery. Finally, the most common
tactic used to resist slavery was running away from their masters in search of
freedom.
Annotated Bibliography
Dewey, S. (2012). Aspects of Sisterhood and Slavery: Transatlantic Anti-Slavery Activism and
Women’s Rights. Counterpoints, 406, 130-150. Retrieved from
www.jstor.org/stable/42981625
Pascale Dewey explores the issue of transatlantic anti-slavery activism in the 19th century
by coining together with women’s rights and movements. The article seeks to give cognition the
figures that took part in fight for human justice and social peace through civil activism. In the
article, Pascale shows how explosive political struggles came to fore due to the enslavement of
African people that consequently led to the abolition of slavery. The article provides deep
understanding of Slavery in 19th century in North America and Europe, and how women rose to
the occasion to fight against slavery and champion for their rights alongside human justice and
social peace. Further, Pascale demonstrates the relevance of transatlantic political cultures that
were central to the transatlantic anti-slavery activism and women’s rights.
PBS. The African Americans: Many Rivers to Cross. Nat Turner Rebellion. Retrieved from
https://www.pbs.org/video/african-americans-many-rivers-cross-classroom-nat-turnerrebellion/
This video from the African Americans: Many Rivers to Cross series by Henry Louis Gates
focus on Nat Turner as a central figure in the black rebellion. Nat Turner orchestrated a rebellion
against slavery that shook the South to the core. As an enslaved preacher, Nat Turner and other
rebels went on a riot of two days that results in a significant number of whites’ deaths. The video
demonstrates how Nat’s rebellion was huge enough and set stage for campaign for abolishment of
slavery.
HISTORY 201
Fall 2019
Manbachi
Final Research Project
Research Question
Select one of the following questions to research and complete a final project culminating
in 1) an annotated bibliography of 5 sources and 2) a 2-3 page paper.
1. What were the major forms of resistance to slavery in the 19th century?
Which ones were the most common and the most demonstrative?
2. How did the Civil War change from “A War for Union” (1861-1863) to “A War
for Emancipation?” (1863-1865)
3. What were the political and social effects of Reconstruction? What events
brought Reconstruction to an end in 1877?
Sources
1. American Yawp
1
2. 2 scholarly articles
2
3. 2 visual primary sources
Annotated Bibliography
For each source, you must include:
1) a bibliographic citation
2) synthesis/summary of the work
3) an explanation of how you will use this source to answer your research question
4) a problem or challenge the source presents
From a professional journal or institution, Jstor.org is an excellent database and we will
review how to use it in class on November 21st.
2 Avoid mining primary sources from secondary sources (like our textbook). Look for
materials housed by museums, universities, and historical societies.
1
Resistance to Slavery
The United States of America underwent a period of immense change in the
19th century. The country was filled with various transformations, including political,
economic, territorial, and demographic changes. The reforms changed American
views about themselves, communities, and the nation at large. The period was filled
with optimism and the drive towards self-governance. Nonetheless, this was a period
of discord and rebellion as people sensed the importance of democratization and
industrialization. Equally, many Americans got divided into forms of race, class, and
gender. Although the spread of industrialization and democracy opened opportunities
for the whites, continuous migrations and urbanizations created social classes and
tensions amongst different groups (Locke & Wright, 2019). It also paved ways for slave
resistance, where various methods of resistance were explored.
According to Locke and Wright (2019), in the American Yawp chapter, Americans
resisted in both active and passive ways. However, there were different forms of
resistance explored by enslaved African –Americans. One common and most
demonstrated form of resistance was the act of rebellion and day-to-day resistance.
The most common place type of slave resistance was conducted on a day-to-day basis
form of resistance while other forms included small acts of defiance. The resistance
was orchestrated in form of either burning building or breaking the tools, as well as
sabotage. There were various rebellions formed against the slave owners. Ranging
from Stono Rebellion, William Lloyd Garrison, Gabriel Posser, and others, there were
rebellions formed against slave owners in different parts of America. Most of the
rebellions formed against slavery did not achieve their success apart from the Stono
Rebellion and Nat Turner’s Rebellion (Locke & Wright, 2019).
Another form of resistance was running away. Some slaves run away from the
owners and hide in forests and relatives. Although the majority were caught, some
people managed to run away entirely. Other methods explored by slaves included
feigning of diseases and even slowing down the work. This was a common strategy
explored by women where they acted sick and slowed the pace of work. Although
resistance bore fruits, its consequences were harsh, and many people suffered (Locke
& Wright, 2019).
References
Locke, J. L., & Wright, B. (2019). The American Yawp: A Massively Collaborative Open U.
S. History Textbook, Vol. 1: To 1877.
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