University of Central Florida Al Jazari Western Engineers Research Paper i attached a file with all the references that you should use to write this paper about a person called Al-Jazari. also, i attached an example of how should the paper look like. please use proper citation and do not copy any thing! always use your own words. References
A. Hassaan, G., 2014. [online] Scholar.cu.edu.eg. Available at:
https://scholar.cu.edu.eg/sites/default/files/galal/files/mechmachinery__part_iv.pdf
[Accessed 20 May 2020].
al-hassani, s., 2008. 800 Years Later: In Memory Of Al-Jazari, A Genius Mechanical Engineer
– Muslim Heritage. [online] Muslim Heritage. Available at: https://muslimheritage.com/800years-later-in-memory-of-al-jazari-a-genius-mechanical-engineer/
[Accessed 20 May 2020].
Encyclopedia.com. 2020. Al-Jazari, Badi‘ Al-Zaman Abu¯’L-‘Izz Isma‘Il Ibn Al-Razzaz |
Encyclopedia.Com. [online] Available at: https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/dictionariesthesauruses-pictures-and-press-releases/al-jazari-badi-al-zaman-abu-l-izz-ismail-ibn-alrazzaz
[Accessed 20 May 2020].
turan, r., 2020. Medieval Robots: How Al-Jazari’s Mechanical Marvels Have Been
Resurrected In Istanbul. [online] Middle East Eye. Available at:
https://www.middleeasteye.net/discover/medieval-robots-turkey-how-science-genius-al-jazaribrought-mechanical-marvels-istanbul
[Accessed 20 May 2020].
Uzun, A. and Vatansever, F., 2020. Ismail Al Jazari Machines And New Technologies.
[online] Yadda.icm.edu.pl. Available at:
http://yadda.icm.edu.pl/baztech/element/bwmeta1.element.baztech-article-BPB2-0033-0021
[Accessed 20 May 2020].
Ziryab
Talib Ali
HIST 100
Word count (582)
1
Think of some of the most famous clothing designers in the world and what names come
to mind? Calvin Klein? Chanel? Gaultier? Lagerfeld? Many of these names are recognized all over
the world. However, what if I told you that all of these famous designers have one father who was
the fashion icon of his time? The name of this famous icon is Ziryab. I chose this personality
because of the large amount of influence he had in various fields.
Ziryab is the nickname of Abul-Hasan Ali bin Nafi’. The name Ziryab means blackbird,
and Ali bin Nafi’ got this name due to his beautiful voice and dark skin. Ziryab was born in 789 in
Iraq. He was brought up by the best Baghdadi musicians of the time, but Ziryab quickly excelled
over the reputation of his teacher because of his excellent skills in music. This ‘Blackbird’ became
so famous that he was called from Baghdad to Spain in order to bring culture and refinement there.
Ziryab went to Cordoba, which was the capital of al-Andalus. He was invited personally by the
Caliph Abdur-Rahman II. It was here that Ziryab would have the most influence.
Ziryab contributed so much in his field that it is difficult to count it all. He was a polymath,
a person who is skilled in various sciences and arts. He contributed to music, fashion, poetry,
manners, dining, and many other sciences and art. As for his contributions to music, Ziryab brought
with him the lute, or Arabic guitar, to Spain and introduced a fifth string to it. He also designed
and developed the idea of musical theory, which explored the effects of different sounds. He also
introduced the world’s first music school while he was in Cordoba. As for fashion, Ziryab refined
the sense of fashion among the Andalusians. Prior to Ziryab, Europeans were not known for a high
sense of fashion, and many of their fabrics were hard and coarse. Ziryab introduced the idea of
seasonal clothes by promoting light fabrics during the hot months and warm, soft fabrics for the
winter months. Many of the top fashions from Baghdad were brought to al-Andalus by Ziryab. As
2
for dining, Ziryab introduced fine dining and multiple-course meals. He also wrote books
dedicated to dining as well as brought many eating utensils to Europe.
Much of what Ziryab contributed is evident in the modern world. For example, as we
mentioned, he brought the Arabic guitar to al-Andalus. Without the lute, Europe may have not
developed the guitar and other instruments similar to it. The legacy of Ziryab can also be seen in
many restaurants that bear his name. There are also hotels named after Ziryab as well as a famous
fashion show. There are musical associations and conservatories also named after him. Drinking
from crystal glasses is also something that we do today, thanks to Ziryab. The idea of three-course
meals can be traced to him. Many of the things and ideas that we consider modern are a result of
Ziryab’s influence.
This ‘Blackbird’ from Iraq could probably never imagine that he would influence so many
things in the world! His journey from Baghdad to al-Andalus can be compared to the rising of the
sun from the east to the west. The ‘sunlight’ he brought was various ideas and forms of culture and
sophistication that we find even today! I think that Ziryab should be remembered and celebrated
by anyone who has a sense of style and class.
3
Bibliography
Al-Hassani, Salim (ed). 1001 Inventions: The Enduring Legacy of Muslim Civilization. 3rd Ed.
Washington DC: National Geographic Society, 2012.
“Clothing and Textiles.” Last modified May 6, 2020.
https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/clothing-andtextiles
Lebling Jr., Robert. “The Flight of the Blackbird.” Saudi Aramco World. July/August 2003.
Accessed May 17th, 2020.
Harris, Jennifer (ed). Textiles, S000 Years: An International History and Illustrated
Survey. New York: Abrams, 1993.
Majda, T. “Libas.” Encyclopedia of Islam. Leiden: Brill, 1999.
4
Purchase answer to see full
attachment