University of Ottawa Culture and Sustainability Article Review Paper Critical Review and Evaluation of the Articles Assignment , I have given detailed steps and sample to help you. Plz see the attachment first.
Due date is 17 July , I just I need to see Introduction and 1 body section of that article to review. On Monday morning!
No direct copy from articles or sample definitely no Plagiarism!
I will do refund if it is not good.
Thanks in advance. SAMPLE OF CRITICAL REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF AN ARTICLE
Critical Review and Analysis of the article “How learning a new
language improves tolerance”, by Amy Thompson
INTRODUCTION
Amy Thompson published the article “How learning a new language improves tolerance”, in
Dec11, 2016, on the online journal “The Conversation”. This article discusses the cognitive and
emotional effects of learning languages on people and how that help to increase knowledge of
the culture associated with that language and eventually lead to tolerance of different culture. It
also points out the benefits of knowing other languages like better human relations and job
opportunities in the current globalized situations.
The author Thompson is a professor of linguistics in the University of South Florida and her
research centers around multilingualism and individual differences in language learning. The
Conversation, the online journal in which the article is published is one that gives emphasis to
“academic rigor “and “journalistic flair”. It is published under Creative Common License which
makes it free to print and republish any material they have published.
STEP 2: Body paragraphs
This you have to do section by section of the article.
GIVE THE SECTION HEADING AS THE EHADING FOR EACH BODY PARAGRAPH
Introduction
The article begins by pointing out that adult brain benefits by improving creativity and reducing
the chances of dementia when someone learns may languages. This is because language learning
has cognitive and emotional benefits. These benefits are also associated with increasing
knowledge of various cultures and making people feel comfortable in handling unfamiliar
situations.
Dementia is a serious issue that affect many adults. It reduces the quality of life of the person
even though it is not a critical life terminating health issue like cancer or other diseases. As it is
linked to the function of the brain it is not something that can be corrected by medication or
surgery. But brain has the ability to rebuild the function it loses due to various reasons if it is
given stimulation in the required manner. Here the author is pointing out how learning a new
language can stimulate the brain of someone who suffers from dementia and help to recover
memory. The author goes beyond that and mentions that language learning can help to filter
out distractions which could naturally increase the efficiency of the brain by increasing
concentration and also improve creativity. Opening the discussion on the topic by pointing out
this outstanding benefit of learning a new language, the author has made a successful
attempt to capture the reader’s interest on the topic. The information contained in this
section is valid as it is supported by references to Bilingualism and Cognition by Valian
published in 2014 by Cambridge University Press. Dr. Valian is a psychology professor whose
area of research includes cognition and language learning and Anatoliy V. Kharkhurin’s article
Multilingualism and Creativity (2012) published on Research Gate, which deals with his
research on the impact of multilingual practice on an individual’s creative potential. Then the
author takes the reader to the next stage by mentioning that the emotional and cognitive
benefits of language learning will give “cultural competence” and “tolerance of ambiguity”.
Those 2 terms are coined by the author to further elaborate on the main theme of the article. The
introduction captures the interest of the readers and well as make the readers trust the
information through the validity of the resources cited and it gives reader the initiate to
read the article
EXAMPLE: The next body paragraph is about one of the sections of the article. Give the section
heading as the heading for this body paragraph.
Gaining Cross-cultural Understanding
While discussing how language learning improves cross-cultural understanding the author refers
to psychologists and researchers who have shown that language learning improves the ability to
understand information by watching things around and linking it with the culture associated with
the language
The author begins by saying that cultural competence is required for “thriving in our
increasingly globalized world” To expand that topic , the author refers to the psychologist
Steinberg’s research on intelligence and language learning which mentions “practical
intelligence” acquired from language learning as the key factor that contributes to the cultural
competence gained by adult language learners. It is easy to understand this factor because in
our personal experience we too would have come across situations where we have successfully
understood the meaning of things that are not so clear by connecting it to the environment or the
actions of the people we are talking to. But sometimes this can also lead to misunderstanding
because in each culture certain actions and situations have different meanings. Unless one is sure
of the culture of that particular person one is talking to it can lead to misunderstandings or
confusion no matter we know the language spoken by the people of that culture. We can agree
with the author about students learning language understanding the culture of the language
along with it because language and culture are closely linked and learning a language can
involve reading materials published related to that culture and discussions in the classrooms
about similar topics. As the research of Ngyuyen and Kellog referred to by the author,
formal language learning does make it possible for the learner to understand the culture better.
Next paragraph will be about the next section. Here I have put the 2 sections together as one unit
because they have closely related information. The sections –What changes with this
understanding is discussing the effects of what is said in Dealing with the Unknown
Dealing with the Unknown & What changes with this understanding
In the following section the author says that language learning will lead to “tolerance of
ambiguity” and that will help to improve the relationships with people of various cultures.
Emphasizing on the ability to deal with the unknown brought in by language learning the author
mentions how it becomes possible to guess what is unknown based on what you already know
and that makes cross cultural communication and relationship better. Author also points out that
the changes that tolerance of the unknown can bring can make people better by reducing social
anxiety and give entrepreneurial skills.
As the next paragraph analyze this information given in the summary given above and comment
on that information
Language learning in Higher Ed
The author ends the article by adding that making it mandatory to learn additional languages in
the American universities will help to improve tolerance of different culture and hence reduce
hate crimes and to create global citizens.
As the next paragraph analyze this information given in the summary given above and comment
on that information
CONCLUSION
The article on the whole contains valuable information on the cognitive and emotional benefits
of learning languages. The author has supported her views with well researched valid
information published on the topic and that makes this article reliable and informative. The
author has ended the article by drawing attention to the current situations in the world and the
benefits of learning languages today. Written in simple, interesting and easy to follow style
this article can be easily understood by students as well as scholars of languages. Published in a
free publication it gives easy access to the reader not only to read for their own purposed but
also to pass it on to others or even to republish it for the benefit of others.
CRITICAL REVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF INFORMATION
Critical review and analysis of information is an important aspect of academic writing. It is not just being
against something, or supporting something it is the habit of developing constructive thinking.
Being a critical writer means
•
•
•
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Questioning what you read and not necessarily agreeing with it just because the information has
been published.
Looking for reason why we should not just accept something as being correct or true or we can
accept it as worthy information.
Identify problems with a writer’s argument or method or identify what is unique or outstanding in
the author’s views
Suggesting ways in which a piece of writing can be improved or accepting what is written as
something valuable and worthy.
If you feel favorable towards what you read then
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Identify what you liked in the writing
Give your reasons for your favorable response/ why you like it
Show if there are any other writers who have expressed similar opinion about this piece of writing
Guide to Writing Critical Reading Commentaries
When you are asked to give a critical reading commentary you are expected to give your opinion and
comments on something you have read.
You should consider the audience as people who have not read the material or do not know anything
about it.
This means you will have to give them first a synopsis or a summary of the main information/idea in the
text.
After that you have to connect these ideas or information with what you think about it (your opinion).
This can be done by looking at these ideas from our own experiences or what we have heard about it.
Therefore a critical reading commentary should:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Show that you understand the ideas put forward by the author and why the author holds these
ideas
Judge if what is said by the author is supported sufficiently with evidences
Compare it with previously accepted ideas we have studied or we know about
Compare it with our own knowledge and experience
Check if this idea can be applied to other cases
Explain the reason for our opinion
Support and back-up what we say with examples or other supporting evidences
Rebecca Ranjan , ESLA Instructor
STEP 1: INTRODUCTION
Introduce the article you are going to review. Introduce the author and the journal where it is
published.
Paragraph 1
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•
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Name of the author and title of the article + the main theme of the article
Some information about the author
Some information about where the article was published
Paragraph 2
•
Main points of the article written as a brief summary
STEP 2: BODY PARAGRAPHS
Go section by section of the article ( if the article is divided into parts with subheadings), otherwise look
at the main points and start with the first main point and cover all the main points one by one.
You have to review and then evaluate like a critic what the author has said expressing your own
views about it.
At this stage you have to keep in mind that the readers of your review might not have read the
article before; therefore, you should first help the reader to know the important information
in that section of the article to help them understand your criticisms later on. This will be
like a main point summary of the section you are going to review first. Then after that you
will write your critical review of the information in that part.
After writing briefly the main information in that section, start with the evaluation of the
information:
You have to connect the main ideas or information with what you think about it (your opinion).
This can be done by looking at these ideas from our own view points (based on own experiences
or what we have heard about it or what we already know about it). When you are doing this you
will also check if the author is using any references or examples to support his/her views. At this
time you have to check the source of the information the author has used to evaluate the value of
it and check what kind of support is the author getting for his opinions/ideas by using that
Rebecca Ranjan , ESLA Instructor
reference /example. Look into the author or website related to that reference and evaluate the
source based on it. If it is an example look at its suitability and value.
When you are writing this part use the points on the notes “Analyzing & Assessing Research” to
guide you.
You can respond to what the author has said expressing your own views about it.
This can be done in 3 different ways:
1. Personal experience
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Write about your own experience or something that someone you know has experienced.
•
Tell clearly how this is helping you to understand what the author is saying in the article
For example you can write about somebody who enjoys teaching poor children. That is his way of
sharing his knowledge with others. This way he is using his knowledge to do good for others. This
shows that knowledge can be of ‘public good’
•
•
•
•
•
•
2. Application
Write about something that you have read or heard that applies or supports what the author has
written
Write it in detail for the reader to understand the similarity between what you have heard or read
to what the author is saying.
Tell clearly how this is helping you to understand what the author is saying in the article
3. Agree /Disagree
Write about a point in what the author writes to which you strongly agree or disagree with.
Include a detailed explanation of why you agree or disagree with the author.
Use examples to support your view
On the whole the critical reading commentary should:
•
Show that we understand the ideas put forward by the author and why the author holds
these ideas
•
Judge if what is said by the author is supported sufficiently with evidences
•
Judge if these evidences are valid and strong enough to support the author’s views
•
Compare it with previously accepted ideas we have studied or we know about
•
Compare it with our own knowledge and experience
•
Check if this idea can be applied to other cases
•
Explain the reason for our opinion
Rebecca Ranjan , ESLA Instructor
•
Support and back-up what we say with examples or other supporting evidences
STEP 3: CONCLUSION
End the paper by giving a brief conclusion which will summarize what you have written as
your critical views about in all the sections till then and pointing out once again anything
important or outstanding that you think should be mentioned about the information in the
passage given or about the author’s style/method/way of making his/her point clear.
Make sure that you do not copy the same sentences. You can take what you have written till
then and summarize in your own words in a different style.
LANGUAGE AND STYLE OF WRITING
Some introductory phrases that you can use to express your opinion
A serious weakness with this argument, however is that ……………………..
One of the limitations of this explanation is that it does not explain why ……………………………….
The key problem with this explanation is that…………………………………..
However, what X fails to do is to show the difference…………………………..
Offering constructive suggestions
useful
Smith’s paper
Her conclusions
The study
included……
would have been
might have been
more
convincing
much more
interesting
far more
persuasive
if he/she had
if the author had
The findings
considered ……
adopted ……
used ……
original
Some common vocabulary that you should be familiar with for critical writing
Limitations
Weaknesses
Disadvantages
Drawbacks
Useful
Rebecca Ranjan , ESLA Instructor
Convincing
Interesting
Persuasive
Original
Controversial
Problematic
Unsatisfactory
Ambitious
Significance
Differentiate
Distinction
Differ
Contradict
Adapted from
Thinking Critically. (n.d) Community tool Box. http://ctb.ku.edu/en/table-of-contents/analyze/analyze-community-problems-andsolutions/think-critically/main
The Analysis and Assessment of Thinking. (2013) Richard Paul and Linda Elder. The Critical Thinking Community.
https://www.criticalthinking.org/pages/the-analysis-amp-assessment-of-thinking/497
Rebecca Ranjan , ESLA Instructor
Rebecca Ranjan , ESLA Instructor
How to Write the Introduction for the Critical Review and Evaluation of the
Article Assignment
First open the article in your computer using this link :
https://theconversation.com/canadas-new-food-guide-a-fail-on-culture-and-sustainability109718
Follow the instructions given below
Main Heading
Critical Review and Evaluation of the Article ……………………………………………….
Introduction
In this section first introduce the article you are going to review and evaluate.
Begin by mentioning the article because that is the main focus of this assignment- The
article …………………….. by Sarah Dulgnan was published on January 17, 2019 on the
online journal The Conversation. After this write what is the main theme of this article in 2
or 3 sentences. Then write about the author – The author of this article, Sarah Dulgnan is
………………………… . Then write about the journal The Conversation.
Give the next heading as The Introduction Section of the Article
First paragraph
Write a full summary of that part (this means a summary of all that is said in this section of
the article)
Second paragraph
This paragraph is when you start reviewing and evaluating the information of the section
that you have summarized now. Go step by step from the beginning
Look at the first paragraph. What is the author saying here? She is saying that it took
Health Canada 3 years of consultation and 3 yrs of revision to create the Guide. So it took
on the whole 6yrs.
Now you look at it and say is that period of time Ok ?
Then look at what she is saying about the new Guide – what is positive about this Guide
and what is negative about it? You comment on that.
Then after that go to the next paragraph of the article: Click at the first hyperlinks in that
section and read it –
nutritional health goes beyond physical health.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1353829206000074?via%3Dihub
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.2752/175174408X347900
Read just the Abstracts ( that is enough)of all these and understand what it which the author
says she “explores “or studies in detail to understand that “ nutritional health goes beyond
physical health”
Mention those articles she is referring to that say what kind of articles they are , what
information they contain in them . Finally say what you think the authors position as far her
knowledge of this topic is after reading / exploring all these
After that look at eh question she is asking – Why then is a country ………?
Comment of that question. What is that question showing about the author’s feelings in this
matter? OR what is the main concern of the author?
Comment on the photo which is from the Food Guide- How does that look? What will be the
effect of that photo on the people who look at the Food Guide.
Why did the author bother to add that phot to her article , what do you think she is trying to
achieve by doing that?
Next paragraph
After that write about what the author is saying about the changes made up to now from the
previous Food Guide drafted in 1945 and now. In 1945 it was focused on …………….. because
it was the time of World War 11 so there was lack of food and the need for people to eat to
survive and the soldiers to stay healthy. So they asked people to just eat more. After that the
Food Guide was changed 7 times but till now it is not asking people to eat less.
Think about this information and write your comments. Think in this line —- In 1945 it was
war time so things were different then , after that they revised the Food Guide 7 times, that’s
quite a lot of times still no change ? Why ?
Next paragraph
Comment on the changes made in the new Guide – Focus mainly on these points
–
Reduced the conventional four food group to three
Shifted focus form specific serving sizes
Still it is has …
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