Arkansas State Ch10 Client Service Representative Resume and Cover Letter Please, answer paper below : attachedThanks……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………., CHOOSING THE APPROPRIATE GRAPHIC
Identify the most effective type of graphic to use for the following situations.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
Table
Flowchart
Gantt Chart
Maps
Line Chart
Pie Chart
Bar Chart
_____ 1. Comparing the number of votes by state that each candidate of the recent presidential election
received.
_____ 2. As a product manager, you are required to present comparison sales for your product annually
over the past ten years.
_____ 3. As an assistant to the director of human resources, you are required to present the salary
makeup within the organization. Your manager has asked that the information be broken down and
compared based upon salary level by gender, position, and length of service with the company.
_____ 4. Your manager just announced a new procedure for your department to use when receiving
shipments from suppliers. This procedure includes a ten-step process.
_____ 5. As a financial analyst, you are required to report the dividends (and changes month-to-month)
your company pays to its shareholders.
_____ 6. Comparing support (or lack of support) within each U.S. state for a healthcare policy that’s just
been announced by the president.
_____ 7. Your sales manager is now requiring a new customer account process for you to follow when
you (or anyone else within your group) secure a new client.
_____ 8. Showing population growth among countries throughout the world.
_____ 9. You are working for a popular shoe manufacturer. You are asked to provide a report
presenting the process you follow in conducting research to determine new products for the company to
develop. As part of the presentation, you must report relevant steps of the process and the typical
amount of time that’s required to complete each step.
_____ 10. Comparing gender of the population that resides within each U.S. state.
€
(90%
755
50%
100
written explanation of the
process.
for
04
100%
02
01
05
sos
W
os
04
03
03
01 02
Castleski/Shutterstock.com
chance of errors. The flowchart in
Figure 10.7 illustrates the steps in a
simple writing process. Presenting
this information graphically makes
it much easier to understand than a
Organizational charts, discus-
sed in Chapter 1, are widely used
to provide a picture of the authority
structure and relationships within an
organization. They provide employ-
ees with an idea of what their orga-
nization looks like in terms of the
flow of authority and responsibility.
When businesses change (because
of new employees or reorganiza-
tion of units and responsibilities),
organizational charts must be
may require slight deviations. For example, if you intend
revised. Revisions to organizational charts are simple when
to explode the largest pie slice, placing it in the 12 o’clock
prepared using word-processing or graphics software.
position may not be desirable because the slice is likely
to intrude into the space occupied by a title positioned
above the graphic.
10-3g Other Graphics
Other graphics, such as architectural plans, photographs,
10-3e Maps
cartoons, blueprints, and lists of various kinds, may be
included in reports. Figure 10.8
A map shows geographic relation-
ships. This graphic type is especially
shows a blueprint of the Statue of
useful when a receiver may not be
Ideally, a graphic Liberty. The availability of graphics
familiar with the geography discussed
should be
and sophisticated drawing software
facilitate inclusion of these more
in a report. The map shown in Figure
10.6 shows the number of persons in
integrated within
complex visuals in reports and spo-
the United States with limited Eng- the text material
ken presentations. Photographs are
lish proficiency. The map gives the
used frequently in annual reports to
immediately after
information visually and thus, elimi-
help the general audience under-
nates the difficulty of explaining the its introduction
stand complex concepts and to
information in words. In addition to
make the documents more appeal-
being less confusing, a map is more
ing to read. Frequently, you must
concise and interesting than a written
include some graphic material in a
report otherwise, the narrative discussion would become
message.
unwieldy. In this case, the material might be placed in an
10-3f Flowcharts
appendix and only referred to in the report.
A flowchart is a step-by-step diagram of a procedure, or
a graphic depiction of a system or organization. A variety
of problems can be resolved by using flowcharts to
10-4 INCLUDING GRAPHICS IN TEXT
sup-
port written analyses. For
map a graphic that shows example, most companies Text and graphics are partners in the communication
geographic relationships
have procedure manuals process. If graphics appear before readers have been
flowchart a step-by-step to instruct employees in informed, they will begin to study the graphics and
diagram of a procedure, or a
certain work tasks. Includ-
draw their own inferences and conclusions. For this
graphic depiction of a system or
ing a flowchart with written
organization
reason, always introduce a graphic in the text imme-
instructions minimizes the
diately before the graphic appears. A graphic that
184 PART FOUR: Communication Through Reports and Business Presentations
FIGURE 10.4 LINE CHART
100$
Gain X Loss
anatory
mine label
80$
60$
equate for
ted in the chan
bars or inace
40$ –
20$ –
specific data
0$
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
ABC share
antitative
he charts
price fructe
Source: http://canvasjs.com/html5-javascript-line-chart/
ructing line else
FIGURE 10.5 AREA CHART
he horizontalni
40
Received
sinto equal
Sent
30
ncrements.
rizontal or the
Number of messages
20
rawn will be
might produs
10
ders.
0
01:00 AM 04:00 AM 07:00 AM 10:00 AM 01:00 PM 04:00 PM 07:00 PM 10:00 PM
ative line de
ented bare
contribute to
Source: http://canvasjs.com/html5-javascript-area-chart/
eu JOU WERE
Forenar
se number
od A
chart in Figure 10.3f shows the percentage of total sales
contributed by salesperson for an organization.
Here are some general guidelines for constructing
pie charts:
labeling information beside each slice, use a legend
to identify each slice.
Draw attention to one or more slices for desired empha-
sis. Special effects include exploding the slice(s) to
be emphasized (i.e., removing it from immediate
contact with the pie), or displaying or printing only
the slice(s) to be emphasized.
Avoid using 3D-type formatting that makes values more
difficult to distinguish.
• Position the largest slice, or the slice to be emphasized,
at the 12 o’clock position. Working clockwise, place
the other slices in descending order of size or some
other logical order of presentation.
Label each slice and include information about the quan-
titative size (percentage, dollars, etc.) of each slice. If
you are unable to attractively place the appropriate
Your software may limit your ability to follow rules
explicitly, and the nature of the data or the presentation
CHAPTER 10: Managing Data and Using Graphics
05
Sune http:/69/103
FEURE (10,5
Grouped bar charts (also called clustered bar charts)
Use color to convey meaning. For example, use varia.
are useful for comparing more than one quantity.
tions in color to distinguish among the bars when the
bars
represent different data. Avoid large surfaces of
Segmented bar charts (also called subdivided,
be tiring to the audience and
stacked bar, or 100% bar charts) show how compo-
detract from the data.
nents contribute to a total figure. The segments in
Figure 10.3c illustrate the composition of minerals in
• Avoid fancy formatting such as 3D that makes values
three samples.
more difficult to distinguish.
• Pictograms (or pictographs) use pictures or symbols
Keep the labeling simple to reduce clutter and increase
to illustrate objects, concepts, or numerical values. A
readability. Exclude nonessential information such
simple use of a pictogram is a picture of an envelope as data labels, gridlines, and explanatory notes if the
used to represent an email message. Pictograms are meaning is understood. To determine labeling needs
,
common in everyday life, such as on signs in public consider the audience’s use of the data. Omit actual
places or roads, whereas the term icon is specific to amounts if a visual estimate is adequate for under-
interfaces on computers or other electronic devices.
standing the relationships presented in the chart.
An image of a computer is used in Figure 10.3d to
Include the data values above the bars or in a data
show computer sales in a company’s first quarter.
table for an audience who expects specific data,
The Gantt chart, another variation of the bar chart,
is useful for tracking progress toward completing 10-3c Line Charts
a series of events over
A line chart depicts changes in quantitative data over
time. The Gantt chart in
time and illustrates trends. The line chart shown in
grouped bar chart a
Figure 10.3e shows the
Figure 10.4 shows a company’s share price fluctuations
graphic used for comparing
time spent on various
over a 12-month period. When constructing line charts
,
more than one quantity (set
activities necessary to com-
of data) at each point along
keep these general guidelines in mind:
the y-axis (vertical) or x-axis
plete a project. This ver-
(horizontal); also called a
sion of the Gantt chart not
Use the vertical axis for amount and the horizontal axis
clustered bar chart
only schedules the impor-
for time.
segmented bar chart
tant activities required to • Begin the vertical axis at zero.
a graphic used to show how
complete this research but
Divide the vertical and horizontal scales into equal
different facts (components)
also plots the actual prog- increments. The vertical or quantity increments, how-
contribute to a total; also called a
ress of each activity along
subdivided, stacked bar, or 100%
ever, need not be the same as the horizontal or time
with the planned progress.
bar chart
increments so that the line or lines drawn will have
Simple Gantt charts can
pictogram a graphic that uses
reasonable slopes. Unrealistic scales might produce
be created using a spread-
pictures or symbols to illustrate
startling slopes that could mislead readers.
objects, concepts, or numerical
sheet program
relationships
Microsoft Excel.
An area chart, also called a cumulative line chart
Gantt chart a specific type of
In addition to the
sug-
or a surface chart, is similar to a segmented bar chart
bar chart that is useful for tracking
gestions for developing
because it shows how different factors contribute to a
progress toward completing a
tables, here are further total. An area chart is especially useful when you want to
series of events over time
suggestions related to con-
illustrate changes in components over time. For example,
line chart a graphic that
structing bar charts:
the area chart in Figure 10,5 illustrates the number of
depicts changes in quantitative
emails sent and received in a 22-hour period. A reader
data over time and illustrates
• Avoid visual distortion
can easily recognize the number of emails sent as com-
trends
that could exaggerate the
pared with those received.
area chart a graphic that
data. Begin the quantita-
chows how different factors
tive axis at zero, divide
10-3d Pie Charts
ontribute to a total; also referred the bars into equal incre-
as a cumulative line chart or
ments, and use bars of Pie charts, like segmented charts and area charts, show
urface chart
equal width
how the parts of a whole are distributed. Pie charts are
Ee chart a graphic that shows
• Position chronologically
effective for showing percentages (parts of a whole),
w the parts of a whole are
tributed
or in some other logical
but they are ineffective at showing quantitative totals or
order.
comparisons. Bars are used for those purposes. The pie
32 PART FOUR: Communication Through Reports and Business Presentations
such as
Source:bitpc
chartin Figu
contributed
Here are
pie charts
aterloo
of more comprehensive labels should be indented, as
should summary labels such as “total.”
Place a superscript symbol beside an entry that requires
additional explanation, and include the explanatory
note beneath the visual.
Document the source of the data presented in a visual by
adding a source note beneath the visual. If more than
one source was used to prepare a visual, use super-
scripts
beside the various references and provide the
sources beneath the figure.
10-3b Bar Charts
A bar chart is an effective graphic for comparing
quantities (see Figure 10.3). The length of the bars,
horizontal or vertical, indicates quantity. Vertical bars, as
shown Figure 10.3a, are most commonly used. Because
of the lengthy labels in Figure 10.3b, horizontal bars
are ideal. Variations of
the simple bar chart make
it useful for a variety of
bar chart a graphic used to
compare quantities
purposes:
either as
per a
FIGURE 10.3
VARIETY OF BAR CHART FORMATS
VORO E bine
800
700
Location
arranged
600
E
500
400
D
anced
300
=
с
200
abel columns
100
B
0
Ay enough the
A
Russia
kems. Usud
0.000
0.020
0.040
0.100 0.120 0.140
United States
0.060 0.080
Ozone (ppm)
anged. Ib
(a) Vertical bar chart
South Africa
Europe (average)
Canada
Australia
Japan
(b) Horizontal bar chart
ome ingenting
80
70
60
the rows how
50
Iron
hat are mult
Computer Sales
First Quarter
40
(18) 243M
Carbon
Aluminum
January
30
20
February
ELELI
LIII
III
AYOUT
10
March
o
B
Sample
(c) Segmented bar chart
(d) Pictograph
Sales by Salesperson
WEEKS:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 21 22 23
WBS 1 Summary element 1
57% complete
Peacock 19%
WBS 1.1 Activity A
WES 1.2 Activity
Fuller 20%
75% complete
START TO START
67% complede
FINISH-TO START
50% complete
INSE TO FINISHTES)
0% complete
WBS 13 Activity
Leverling 4%
WBS 1.4 Acuvity
Callahan 3%
186
WBS 2 Summary element 2
0% complete
Buchanan 3%
Suyama 24%
Wes 2.1 Activity E
0% complete
Dadsworth 27%
WBS 2.2 Activity
0% complete
was 23 Activity
0% complete
TODAY
(f) Pie chart
(e) Gantt chart
Note: Data presented in charts are fictional and for demonstration only.
CHAPTER 10: Managing Data and Using Graphics 18
Purchase answer to see full
attachment